{"id":13939,"date":"2025-05-27T09:00:23","date_gmt":"2025-05-27T07:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/?p=13939"},"modified":"2025-05-01T14:31:45","modified_gmt":"2025-05-01T12:31:45","slug":"%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b8-%d0%b4%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/13939","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13944\" src=\"http:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/download.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"612\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/download.jpg 612w, https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/download-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/download-450x300.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03c3\u03b5 \u2013 \u0432<\/strong> (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f)<br \/>\n<em>\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf. (\u042f \u0438\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440.)<\/em><br \/>\n(\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u043c: <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd<\/strong> \/ <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7(\u03bd)<\/strong> \/ <strong>\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u2013 \u0438\u0437<\/strong> (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442)<br \/>\n<em>\u0392\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. (\u042f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc) \u2013 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437<\/strong> (\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e)<br \/>\n<em>\u039f \u03c3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b4\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad. <\/em><em data-start=\"296\" data-end=\"372\">(\u0421\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437 \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430.)<br \/>\n\u03a4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03ba\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03c6\u03bf. (\u0412\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437 \u0441 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043c\u0430 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043c\u043e\u043c.)<\/em><br \/>\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0433 <strong>\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc<\/strong> \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0433 + \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/strong>, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c &#8220;\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437&#8221;, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<br \/>\n<em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03ad\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf. (\u041b\u0438\u0444\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0430 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u0436.) <\/em>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c <strong>\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf<\/strong> \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0444\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437, \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u2014 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043b.<br \/>\n\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c <strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9<\/strong> (\u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437, \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f).<br \/>\n<em>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1.\u00a0 (\u042f \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435.)<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03ad\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9. (\u041b\u0438\u0444\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 (\u03c3\u03b5)<\/strong> <strong>\u2013 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445, \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445, \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9. (\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0451\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c.)<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u039f \u03c3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b4\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad. (\u0421\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d.)<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u039f \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1. (\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443.)<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u0397 \u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ae\u03b4\u03b7\u03be\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b6\u03b9. (\u041a\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0433\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b.)<br \/>\n<\/em><strong>\u0395\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 + \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436<\/strong> (\u0391\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae) \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435;\u00a0\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00a0 <strong>\u03c0\u03b7\u03b4\u03ac\u03c9<\/strong> (\u043f\u0440\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c), <strong>\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9<\/strong> (\u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c), \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<br \/>\n\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9<\/strong> (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f) \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00a0 &#8220;\u0432\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445&#8221; .<br \/>\n<em>\u0391\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac. (\u042f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0430\u043c.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5. (\u041c\u044b \u0438\u0434\u0451\u043c \u0432\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u2013 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437, \u0438\u0437, \u0441\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf. (\u042f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443.)<br \/>\n\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9. (\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\/ \u0441\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043c.)<br \/>\n\u039f \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2. (\u0414\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043b\u0435\u0441.)<br \/>\n\u0388\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03be\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2.(\u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043f\u0443.)<\/p>\n<p><\/em><strong>\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u2013 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433, \u043f\u043e (\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443)<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>\u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae. (\u041c\u044b \u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443 \/ \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430. \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c.)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03c3\u03b5 \u2013 \u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f) \u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf. (\u042f \u0438\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440.) (\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u043c: \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \/ \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7(\u03bd) \/ \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf) \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u2013 \u0438\u0437 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442) \u0392\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. (\u042f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430.) \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc) \u2013 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437 (\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e) &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/13939\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1279,110],"tags":[1273,1289],"class_list":["post-13939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1279","category-110","tag-1273","tag-1289"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13939"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13946,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13939\/revisions\/13946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-greek.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}